Wall form tie



Feb; 27, 1945. A. M. KINNINGER WALL FORM TIE Filed Oct. 26, 1940Patented F eb. 27, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WALL FORM 'rm ArthurM. Kinninger, Dayton, Ohio, assignor of one-half to Carl A. Kinninger,Dayton, Ohio Application October 26, 1940, Serial. No. 363,020

8 Claims.

This invention pertains to wall ties and hangers for Concrete forms andremovable inserts for concrete structures, and more particularly to snapin ties of which a portion is to be broken ofi within the concrete bodyand removed therefrom, leaving a continuing portion of the tiepermanently embedded therein.

In the use of ties and hangers in concrete structures, it ls now more orless common to string upon the ties, adjacent to the form walls, shortcones or other form inserts to be temporarily embedded in the concretestructure. Such inserts are subsequently removed therefrom, leavingcavities or recesses to be pointed or filled with concrete or othermaterial to permanently seal the Opening from which a portion of the tieor hanger has been removed. The cones, or other shaped removable formbodies, are ordinarily of cast metal or of wood, but sometimes comprisestamped sheet metal cups. The breaking points of the snap in ties orhangers are usually substantially coincident with or somewhat beyond theinner ends of such inserts. The breakage and removal of the terminalportion of the ties, as heretofore performed, leaves the insert firmlyembedded in the concrete structure.

Various methods of extracting the embedded inserts have been devised.However, heretofore in each instance a separate Operation and the use ofspecial tools were necessitated.

By the hereinafter described construction and mode of Operation, theproblem of removing the embedded inserts is solved coincident with thedetachment and removal of the terminal portions of the ties or hangers.In the present disclosure the ties serve duofunctionally as form tiesand as insert extractors, whereby the act of removing the detachedportions of the ties also effects simultaneous removal of the insertswithout further Operation and without the use of special tools.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction as well asthe mode of removal of concrete form wall ties and hangers whereby theymay not only be economically manufactured, but will be efiicient in use,capable of being readily broken within the Concrete body for removal ofterminal portions thereof, and adapted upon removal to leave cavities orrecesses in the concrete body to receive bodies of sealing material.

An important object of the invention is to provide means and method ofquickly and conveniently extracting from a concrete body embedded forminserts by which surface cavities or recesses are produced.

A further object of the invention is to provide a duofunctional concreteform wall tie and an insert extractor for removal of embedded insertsfrom the concrete structure.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved method ofprocedure for removal of embedded form inserts from concrete bodiessimultaneously with the removal of terminal portions of a related walltie therefrom.

A further object of the invention is to materially reduce the cost ofconstruction and the labor necessary for finishing concrete structuresafter wrecking of the forms.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wall tie for concreteforms possessing the advantageous Structural features and inherentmeritorious characteristics herein mentioned, and to provide the stepsof procedure and method of Operation herein disclosed for removal ofembedded inserts from a concrete body.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in view, as willmore fully appear in the specification, the invention intended to beprotected by Letters Patent consists of the features of construction,the parts and combinatons thereof, and the mode of Operation, or theirequivalents, as hereinafter described or illustrated in the accompanyingdrawing.

, In the drawing, wherein are shown preferred, but obviously notnecessarily the only forms of embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional view of a concrete form and a body ofconcrete therein, through which is shown extended a wall tie embodyingthe present invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a portion of a concrete body,illustrating the removal of an insert member therefrom.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of a wall tie and insert bodybefore embedment in a concrete body. l

Fig. 4 is a similar view illustrating a modification.

- Fig's. 5, 6, and 7 are detail views illustrating different forms offracture means and stop formations. 4 i

Fig. 8 is a detail sectional view of a modifled 'construction whereinthe fracture point of the rod is within the insert member.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference through theseveral views.

Referring to the drawing, l-l are the form' walls of a concrete formwhich are supported in spaced parallel relation by upright struts 2-2,

Wales 3. The rocl 4 thus connected With the form structure resists, intension, any tendency of the walls I to separate.

Intermediate the form Walls I-I, the rod 4 is provided With stops orlaterial enlargements 1, against which abut washers 8 strung uponrtherod at the outer sides of the stops or enlargements. Also strung uponthe rod 4 at the outer sides of the stops 'I and washers 8, are conical'inserts 9, the smaller Yends of which abut upon the Washers 8 and thelarger or base terminals of Which abut upon the inner sides of' the formwalls I. These conical inserts, together with the limiting stops 1,initially comprise spacer's which limit the approach of the form Walls Itoward each other and serve to maintain their predetermined spacedrelation. The conical inserts 9 are ordinarily of cast metal, or ofwood. They may, however, consist of cup shaped members formed from sheetmetal. The particular material or character of the inserts, and in factthe Shape thereof is 'not material, so long as the shape thereof is suchthat they may be sub'sequently withdrawn from the concrete body.

Intermediate the relatively space-d stops or lateralenlargements of therod 4 and preferably, but 'not necessarily, in close relation theretothe rod 4 is flattened at IO, which fiattened portion is surrounded by ayoke or an'chor 'arm II. Upon pouring a body of Concrete intermediatethe side Walls I--I, the rcd 4 and its anchor arm IIare embeddedtherein. The medial portion of the rod is held against rotation by thefiats III and anc'hor arms II. The insert members- 9 also are embeddedin the concrete with their -base faces exposed conicident'with .thesurface of the concrete. v

The fiattened portions 119 denne fracture .points upon Which the rodwill fail under torsional strain. .Such fiattened intervals arepreferably formed by distortion :of the rod without removing Vanymaterial thereof and without reducng'its tensilestrength. However, forthe present purpose, the rod may be physically weakened at points WhichWill fall in inwardly spaced relation With the form Walls I, and hencein inwardly spaced relation With the side faces of the concretestructure formed therebetween. Such Weakening may be by notches I2,formed by removal of rod material as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, or it maybe achieved by locally-heat treating the rod as at I3, Fig. '7 to afforda brittle zone Wherein the resistance of the rod to torsional strain isreduced, preferably however, without materially reducing the tensilestrength .of the tie. In either event, upon twisting the exposed end ofthe tie, after wrecking the forms, the tie Will fail and break at suchfracture points in inwardly spaced relation from the face of theconcrete body, thus freeing the exposed end of the tie for Withdrawalfrom the concrete, leaving the medial .porition thereof permanentlyembedded in the concrete body.

The stops 'I are located outwardly from Vthe aforementioned frac'turepoints, Ill, I2 or I3, and

hence between such fracture points and the form walls I When the tie isassembled therein. The stops 'I comprise lateral enlargements which maybe formed in various ways as by swedging, rolling or by a stakingOperation. As shown in Figs, 1, 2, 3 and 5, such lateral enlargement orstop 1 comprises an integral peripheral swell or convex bead entirelysurrounding the rod. Such coniiguration is quickly and eco-nomicallyproduced by swedging in a punch press. 'Howeven the same conformationmay be made by rolling the rod under pressure. As an alternative method,illustrated in .Figs 4 and 6, the stop is formed by indenting the rod atI5 at peripherally spaced intervals whereby the intermediate segments ofthe rod are slightly expanded radially to aiford an equivalent stop la.

Such stops or lateral enlargements are located at the outer sides of thefracture points, perforably, although not necessarily in close proximitythereto. The Washers 8 .are strung upon the extremities .of the rod 4beyond the stops 1 and abut upon the stops 1. The inserts 9 arepreferably, although not necessarily, of .conical form with theirsmaller ends directed inwardly and abutting upon the Washers 8 againstthe resistance of the stops 1. In any event, they Aare of such contouras to permit their subsequent Withdrawal from the concrete'body. v

The form inserts 8 of Whatever shape are of sufiicient length to extendfrom the stops Il .to the adjacent form Walls I upon Which they abut andserve as spacers prior to pouring concrete into the form, to prevent theinward collapse of the form structure.

Upon pouring the .concrete into the form the inserts 9 becometemporarily embedded therein and form cavities or recesses Sa in theconcrete body When they are subsequently 'removed therefrom. Thereafter,'these cavities are filled with concrete or other sealing material bywhich the embedded portion of the tie rod is sealed within the concretebody.

As 'before stated, the removal of such em'bedded inserts, subsequent tofracture and removal of the tie rod terminals, as hereto-fore practiced,has necessitated .a separate Operation and the use of special tools,Which greatly increases 'the expense of construction.

In the present instance, the fracture points being inwardly disposedrelative to the stops 'l and the stops being beyond the inserts 9 Whichabut thereon, the terminal portion of the tie when detached by twistingbecomes an insert extractor. Byoutward axial pull .upon the detachedterminal portion of the tie, previously broken at the fracture pointbeyond 7the stop, the insert 9 is bodily withdraWn from the concretebody With the tie portion. Thus, Operation of breaking and withdrawingthe terminal portions of the tierods also simultaneously effectextraction of the mold inserts 9, leaving the cavities Satte, bevpointed or filled Without further Operation. In a building constructionwherein hundreds of thousands of such ties may be used, the eliminationof extra insert removal operations Iresults in Va 'great saving of laborand expense.

InV the formof emboliment illustratedin'Fig. 8, the fracture 'point liswithin the limits of the insert. The latter is -counterbored at IG ltoreceive the abutment stop 'I and also that portion of the rod whichcontains the fracture point fwhich is shown as a heat treatedspot 13 butwhich may `be a notch 12 'or flat IO. The overhang of the insertencloses the stop and fracture point and facilitates the subsequentdetachment of the rod terminal.

From the above description it Will be apparent that there is thusprovided a device of the character described possessing the particularfeatures of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but whichobviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions,detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from theprinciple involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute, the invention has beendescribed in language more or less specific as to structural features,it is to be understood that the inventio-n is not limited to thespecific features shown, but that the means and construction hereindisclosed comprise the preferred form of several modes of putting theinvention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed in any ofits forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of theappended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A tie rod for a concrete form including a rod, a stop thereon afracture point on said rod at one side of the stop and a combined spacerand cavity form insert carried by said rod overhanging and enclosing thestop and fracture point and abutting the side of the stop opposite thefracture point, said Combined spacer and insert being retractable from aconcrete body in which the tie is embedded by breakage of the rod at thefracture point and retraction of the detached portion of the rod.

2. A combined tie for a concrete form and an extractor of a cavity forminsert embedded in a concrete body molded in the form including a rod, arecessed cavity form insert mounted thereon and a fracture,l point onthe rod disposed inwardly beyond the point of engagement of the cavityform insert with the rod, the construction and arrangement being suchthat the fracture point on the rod lies within the recess of the insertand breakage of the rod at the fracture point will free the detachedportion of the rod and cavity form insert for unison withdrawal from theconcrete body.

3. A Combined tie for a concrete form and extractor for a cavity forminsert embedded in a body of concrete molded in the form including arod, a fracture point thereon so disposed as to be positioned ininwardly spaced relation with a form wall, and a cavity form insertembedded in the molded body of concrete enclosing the fracture point ofthe rod and positioned to abut the inner side wall of the form, said rodincluding a de` tachable portio'n Which when broken from the remainderthereof at the fracture point within the body of concrete molded in saidform is engageable with the insert for extracting the insert from theconcrete body.

4. A tie rod for a concrete form, including a rod, a stop so disposedthereon as to be in spaced relation with the side wall of a formstructure in which the tie is incorporated, a recessed tapered sleeve onsaid rod enclosing the` stop and abutting the side of the form Wall, afracture point on said rod to facilitate breakage of the rod afterembedment in a body of concrete molded in the form, said fracture pointbeing spaced away from the form wall a greater distance than the stop,and said stop being engageable with the tapered sleeve for extractingthe tapered sleeve from the molded body of concrete after breakage ofthe rod at the fracture point.

5. A tie for concrete forms, including a rod, a stop so positioned onthe rod as to lie a substantial distance within a body of concretemolded in the form, a weakened fracture point located at the inner sideof the stop and an elongated cavity form insert loosely mounted on therod in abutting relation with the stop at the outer side thereof, theabutting end of the insert being at least radially coextensive with thestop, and within which the stop carrying portion of the rod is revolubleto break the rod at its fracture point for unison withdrawal from theconcrete body of the cavity form insert and the said terminal portion ofthe rod when detached.

6. A form tie, including a rod, a fracture point positioned thereon. tolie a substantial distance within a body of concrete molded within theform, a stop on the rod at the outer side of the fracture point, aspacer sleeve of greater axial extent than its diameterloosely'positioned -upon the rod at the outer side of the stop andabutting at its inner end against said stop, the stop being of notgreater radialfiextent than the abutting end of the sleeve for producingin a body of molded concrete an enlarged bore of greater depth than itsWidth and within which the stop carrying portion of the rod isindependently revoluble to effect breakage of the rod at its fracturepoint,

whereupon the said sleeve may be extracted from

